图表描述专题训练（一）

这类作文时，注意以下几点：

第一，审题时，除了要把握好图表的表层信息外， 还要分析图标的深层含义，如原因、根源、可能的发展趋势等。图表中所提供的说明文字往往是问题的切入点，一定要仔细分析。

第二，描述数据时要抓住重点，为中心服务，不必面面俱到，切忌毫无目的地罗列图表中的数据。如果数据较多，抓住图表中的极端点（如最大或最小、最多或最少，最好或最差）和基本相同进行描述。

第三，主题句应明确，最好放在文章的开头，这样会使重点突出，主题明了。

图表范例一

Students Use of Computers

例文：    Students Use of Computers

提纲： 1. 上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间： 1990年（2 hours）, 1995年 (4 hours), 20##年 (14 hours)，请描述其变化；

       2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；

       3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。

参考范文(1)

Student Use of Computers

As is clearly shown in the chart, the number of hours students spent on computers increased from two to four hours per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially, the number rose to about 14 hour per week in 2002.

There are three factors leading to the change. To begin with, the price of computers is getting much lower than before so that many students can afford it. In addition, it is very convenient for us to study with the help of computers. For example, e-mails enable us to keep in touch with our teachers and friends. Last but not least, with fast development of the modern society, a computer has become a must for many people. To sum up, low price, convenience and wide use contribute to the increase in the use of computers.

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书面表达讲解与训练——图表类写作

一. 教学内容：

书面表达讲解与训练——图表类写作

［如何写图表作文］

    图表作文多以说明文和议论文为主，要求考生根据所给的图表、数据及标题进行分析、研究，阅读其中的文字和说明，弄清各种信息之间的关系，提炼和确定出文章的中心思想。

然后进行分析、概括和归纳。注意：1）图表和数据内容不必全部描述。2）善于抓住总的规律，趋势，归纳增减率。 3）时态：特定时间用过去时。经常出现的情况或自己的评述用一般现在时。

［图表作文形式有］

    数字表：曲线图(line graph)              表格   (table)

    图形表：饼状图(pie chart)            条状图(bar chart)

［常见的表达用语］

    短语:

    上升

    go up to/ climb to/ increase to/ rise to/jump to

    The population of this city has been increasing so rapidly that it has now amounted to 250 million.

    There was a rapid increase between 1993 and 1994, and the number then jumped to five million in 1995.

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图表作文常见模板

第一段：总体描述图表，指明时间段，指出突出变化或不同

常用句型或短语：

As is clearly shown in the chart(图表) / table(表格)/graph（图表）, ___________

According to the figures given in the table/chart/graph, ____________

It can be seen from the table/chart/graph, _____________________.

The figures（数据、数字） in the table/chart reflect that ________________.

especially, ________________（指出突出变化）

第二段：（分析原因）

There are several factors leading to this change / difference ……..

There are several reasons for _____________.(引出原因)

To begin with, _______(原因一)

In addition, ______________（原因二）

For example, _________（举例说明）

Last but not the least, __________（原因三）

To sum up ______________（简要总结）

第三段：自己的观点

As for me, ____________

On the one hand, ________

on the other, ____

In brief，_____________________.

图表作文写作常识

一、图形种类及概述法：

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六．图表分析法

图表作文要求学生首先看懂图表展示的内容，然后用图标中的数据作为论据对主题进行讨论，最后得出合乎情理的结论。

描述图表时常用的词语如下：

1）表示各种图表

Table 表格

Chart 曲线图

Line graph 线条图

Bar chart 条形图

Pie chart 饼形图

2）表示 “如图所示”

According to the table…

As (is) shown/indicated/ illustrated in the chart…

The line graph shows/ indicates /illustrateds that…

3) 表示时间跨度

From 1990 to 1999

Over the period from 1981 to 2001

During the past three decades

Between 1998 and 2001

4) 表示“上升”

Increase / rise / go up

5) 表示 “下降”

Decrease / fall/ go down

6) 表示 “上升/下降到…

To

7) 表示“ 上升/下降了…

By

8) 表示“呈上升趋势”

On the rise/ increase

Tend to go up/ rise /increase

9) 表示“呈下降趋势”

On the decline

Tend to go dwon/ decrease / fall

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英语之写作--图表作文的描述性词句整理

一、图表作文写作常识

1、图形种类及概述法：

泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table

饼图：pie chart

直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram

趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram

表格图：table

流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram

程序图：processing/procedures diagram

2、常用的描述用法

The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that）

According to the table/chart diagram/graph

As （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/graph

As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，

figures/statistics shows （that）……

It can be seen from the figures/statistics

We can see from the figures/statistics

It is clear from the figures/statistics

It is apparent from the figures/statistics

table/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） ……

table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how……

3、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法

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图表作文

这类作文时，注意以下几点：

第一，   审题时，除了要把握好图表的表层信息外， 还要分析图标的深层含义，如原因、根源、可能的发展趋势等。图表中所提供的说明文字往往是问题的切入点，一定要仔细分析。

第二，   描述数据时要抓住重点，为中心服务，不必面面俱到，切忌毫无目的地罗列图表中的数据。如果数据较多，抓住图表中的极端点（如最大或最小、最多或最少，最好或最差）和基本相同进行描述。

第三，   主题句应明确，最好放在文章的开头，这样会使重点突出，主题明了。

常见模板

第一段：总体描述图表，指明时间段，指出突出变化或不同

常用句型或短语：

As is clearly shown in the char/ table/graph, ___________

According to the figures given in the table/chart/graph, ____________

It can be seen from the table/chart/graph, _____________________.

The figures in the table/chart reflect that ________________.

especially, ________________（指出突出变化）

第二段：（分析原因）

There are several factors leading to this change / difference ……..

There are several reasons for _____________.(引出原因)

To begin with, _______(原因一)

In addition, ______________（原因二0

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How People Spent Their Holidays 

　　As can be seen from the table, the past decade have witnessed dramatic changes in the way people spent their holiday between 1990 and 2000.In 1990, 63% of people spent their holidays at home, while the figure dropped considerably to 24% in 2000. It is obvious from the table that people tended to be more and more mobile, and they wanted to get entertainment in the outside world. 

　　What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start with, with the rapid development of economy, people earn by far more money than they used to. Thus, people are able to afford traveling expenses. Secondly, people think it important to get well-informed about the outside world in this new era when everything is on the move. Traveling, of course, is a sure way to achieve this goal. What's more, in this competitive society, people are usually under great stress. However, it is not difficult to find traveling an effective way to relieve people's stress and get relaxation. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind. 

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