图表描述专题训练（一）

这类作文时，注意以下几点：

第一，审题时，除了要把握好图表的表层信息外， 还要分析图标的深层含义，如原因、根源、可能的发展趋势等。图表中所提供的说明文字往往是问题的切入点，一定要仔细分析。

第二，描述数据时要抓住重点，为中心服务，不必面面俱到，切忌毫无目的地罗列图表中的数据。如果数据较多，抓住图表中的极端点（如最大或最小、最多或最少，最好或最差）和基本相同进行描述。

第三，主题句应明确，最好放在文章的开头，这样会使重点突出，主题明了。

图表范例一

Students Use of Computers

例文：    Students Use of Computers

提纲： 1. 上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间： 1990年（2 hours）, 1995年 (4 hours), 20##年 (14 hours)，请描述其变化；

       2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；

       3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。

参考范文(1)

Student Use of Computers

As is clearly shown in the chart, the number of hours students spent on computers increased from two to four hours per week from 1990 to 1995. Especially, the number rose to about 14 hour per week in 2002.

There are three factors leading to the change. To begin with, the price of computers is getting much lower than before so that many students can afford it. In addition, it is very convenient for us to study with the help of computers. For example, e-mails enable us to keep in touch with our teachers and friends. Last but not least, with fast development of the modern society, a computer has become a must for many people. To sum up, low price, convenience and wide use contribute to the increase in the use of computers.

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六．图表分析法

图表作文要求学生首先看懂图表展示的内容，然后用图标中的数据作为论据对主题进行讨论，最后得出合乎情理的结论。

描述图表时常用的词语如下：

1）表示各种图表

Table 表格

Chart 曲线图

Line graph 线条图

Bar chart 条形图

Pie chart 饼形图

2）表示 “如图所示”

According to the table…

As (is) shown/indicated/ illustrated in the chart…

The line graph shows/ indicates /illustrateds that…

3) 表示时间跨度

From 1990 to 1999

Over the period from 1981 to 2001

During the past three decades

Between 1998 and 2001

4) 表示“上升”

Increase / rise / go up

5) 表示 “下降”

Decrease / fall/ go down

6) 表示 “上升/下降到…

To

7) 表示“ 上升/下降了…

By

8) 表示“呈上升趋势”

On the rise/ increase

Tend to go up/ rise /increase

9) 表示“呈下降趋势”

On the decline

Tend to go dwon/ decrease / fall

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图表作文常见模板

第一段：总体描述图表，指明时间段，指出突出变化或不同

常用句型或短语：

As is clearly shown in the chart(图表) / table(表格)/graph（图表）, ___________

According to the figures given in the table/chart/graph, ____________

It can be seen from the table/chart/graph, _____________________.

The figures（数据、数字） in the table/chart reflect that ________________.

especially, ________________（指出突出变化）

第二段：（分析原因）

There are several factors leading to this change / difference ……..

There are several reasons for _____________.(引出原因)

To begin with, _______(原因一)

In addition, ______________（原因二）

For example, _________（举例说明）

Last but not the least, __________（原因三）

To sum up ______________（简要总结）

第三段：自己的观点

As for me, ____________

On the one hand, ________

on the other, ____

In brief，_____________________.

图表作文写作常识

一、图形种类及概述法：

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英语图表作文范例

　　一、图表作文写作常识

　　1、图形种类及概述法：

　　泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table

　　饼图：pie chart

　　直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram

　　趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram

　　表格图：table

　　流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram

　　程序图：processing/procedures diagram

　　2、常用的描述用法

　　The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that）

　　According to the table/chart diagram/graph

　　As （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/graph

　　As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，

　　figures/statistics shows （that）……

　　It can be seen from the figures/statistics

　　We can see from the figures/statistics

　　It is clear from the figures/statistics

　　It is apparent from the figures/statistics

　　table/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） ……

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How People Spent Their Holidays 

　　As can be seen from the table, the past decade have witnessed dramatic changes in the way people spent their holiday between 1990 and 2000.In 1990, 63% of people spent their holidays at home, while the figure dropped considerably to 24% in 2000. It is obvious from the table that people tended to be more and more mobile, and they wanted to get entertainment in the outside world. 

　　What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start with, with the rapid development of economy, people earn by far more money than they used to. Thus, people are able to afford traveling expenses. Secondly, people think it important to get well-informed about the outside world in this new era when everything is on the move. Traveling, of course, is a sure way to achieve this goal. What's more, in this competitive society, people are usually under great stress. However, it is not difficult to find traveling an effective way to relieve people's stress and get relaxation. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind. 

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英语四级图表作文讲解及参考范文

图表作文也是四(六)级考试中常见，而且被认为是一种较难的作文形式。图表作文就是把非文字信息(通常为各种图表表示的数字信息等)转换成文字信息的一种作文。它要求我们用文字来描述非文字性的图表或对图表显示的关系作解释说明。

第一节 图表作文的出题形式和写作要领

一、图表作文常见出题形式

图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：

　　1)用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势;

　　2)就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。

　　图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议论文体的写作方法。

　　写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。

　

二、图表作文的写作步骤

　　写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：

　　1)认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系;

　　2)确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据;

　　3)编列文章的提纲;

　　4)根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡;

　　5)检查与修改。

三、图表作文的篇章结构

　　写图表作文时，常采用三段式的陈述方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：

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人口增长对野生动物的影响（99年真题）

　　[2.图画/图表描述段] From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet.

　　[6.原因列军段]Why does this phenomenon appear? There are several possible reasons for this. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Even worse(坏)/More importantly(好), as the result（中性） /consequence（贬义）of the industry, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.

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